Sedative

Sedative herbs calm the central nervous system, helping to reduce excitability, anxiety and tension to aid relaxation and sleep. Sedatives act via multiple mechanisms including by enhancing GABAergic signalling to reduce excitability.

Other mechanisms include via dopaminergic and serotonergic modulation which help to influence mood and emotional regulation. Herbal sedatives can be applied to help with feelings of insomnia, restlessness, stress or anxiety.

They may also have additional antispasmodic effects which help to relax muscles in cases of pain and tension. Examples include Californian poppy (Eschscholzia californica), hops (Humulus lupulus) and valerian (Valeriana officinalis).